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The Hockey Opportunity Score (HOS) was created by Nick Lacoste and Dr. Taylor McKee of Brock University in 2025 to understand the opportunity to become an elite hockey player in Canada based on where you live.
Thirty (30) factors were used to build a score out of 10 for each available Census Subdivision (CSD) from the 2021 Canadian Census. Some of the factors are listed below. The database returns 3559 locations as of March 2025.
Below is a map created in ArcGIS to show all 3559 locations in Canada based on Hockey Opportunity Score.
Below is a list of the locations in Canada with the highest Hockey Opportunity Score (HOS), with filters for population and province/territory:
To view the full comparison tool (up to 5 locations), click the following link:
If you want to input custom information (e.g., Latitude/Longitude coordinates, custom income, etc.), you can do so via the Personal Hockey Opportunity Score (pHOS) Calculator. This tool is best viewed on a computer in a new tab, available at the following link:
Average After-Tax Income per Family (2020)
Population Density (2021)
Closest Arena
Quantity of Arenas within 25 kilometres
Closest Minor Hockey Association
Quantity of Hockey Canada Registered Coaches within Province or Territory (2023-2024)
Closest Hospital
Closest NHL/PWHL team
Closest AHL team
Closest Major Junior (CHL) team
Closest Junior 'A' team
Closest Hockey Academy
Etc.